scanpy.metrics.morans_i

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scanpy.metrics.morans_i#

scanpy.metrics.morans_i(adata_or_graph, /, vals=None, *, use_graph=None, layer=None, obsm=None, obsp=None, use_raw=False)[source]#

Calculate Moran’s I Global Autocorrelation Statistic.

Moran’s I is a global autocorrelation statistic for some measure on a graph. It is commonly used in spatial data analysis to assess autocorrelation on a 2D grid. It is closely related to Geary’s C, but not identical. More info can be found here.

\[I = \frac{ N \sum_{i, j} w_{i, j} z_{i} z_{j} }{ S_{0} \sum_{i} z_{i}^{2} }\]
Parameters:
adata_or_graph AnnData | csr_matrix | csr_array

AnnData object containing a graph (see use_graph) or the graph itself. See the examples for more info.

vals ndarray[tuple[int, ...], dtype[TypeVar(_ScalarType_co, bound= generic, covariant=True)]] | spmatrix | sparray | Array | DataFrame | Series | None (default: None)

Values to calculate Moran’s I for. If this is two dimensional, should be of shape (n_features, n_cells). Otherwise should be of shape (n_cells,). This matrix can be selected from elements of the anndata object by using key word arguments: layer, obsm, obsp, or use_raw.

use_graph str | None (default: None)

Key to use for graph in anndata object. If not provided, default neighbors connectivities will be used instead.

layer str | None (default: None)

Key for adata.layers to choose vals.

obsm str | None (default: None)

Key for adata.obsm to choose vals.

obsp str | None (default: None)

Key for adata.obsp to choose vals.

use_raw bool (default: False)

Whether to use adata.raw.X for vals.

Return type:

ndarray | float

Returns:

If vals is two dimensional, returns a 1 dimensional ndarray array. Returns a scalar if vals is 1d.

Examples

Calculate Moran’s I for each components of a dimensionality reduction:

import scanpy as sc, numpy as np

pbmc = sc.datasets.pbmc68k_processed()
pc_c = sc.metrics.morans_i(pbmc, obsm="X_pca")

It’s equivalent to call the function directly on the underlying arrays:

alt = sc.metrics.morans_i(pbmc.obsp["connectivities"], pbmc.obsm["X_pca"].T)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(pc_c, alt)
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